Texas A&M University (TAMU) BICH 410 Comprehensive Biochemistry I Exam 1 Practice Test

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• Which of the following best describes hydrophobic compounds?
• Which term is used to describe the disorder of a system?
• What is the entropy of a disordered state?
• If the concentration of reactants is increased, toward which direction does the equilibrium shift?
• What is a key reason water is important to biology as described?
• Why should standard free-energy change not be used to estimate cellular reaction energetics?
• Which approach is described as a method to drive an unfavorable reaction forward by coupling reactions?
• What defines a weak hydrogen bond?
• The relationship between Keq and Delta G° depends on which factor?
• Which statement best describes energy transformations in living systems?
• What kind of system are living organisms?
• Which symbol is commonly used to denote enthalpy?
• Within a water molecule, what type of bond connects hydrogen and oxygen?
• Which bond is generally the strongest among those listed?
• What is the definition of a base?
• Rank the four types of bonds from strongest to weakest.
• What is the definition of an acid?
• What do biomolecules contain?
• In a steady state, which statement best describes how the system behaves over time?
• A process with a positive ΔG under the current conditions is best described as:
• What does delta G°' denote in biochemistry?
• What happens when ΔH is negative and ΔS is positive?
• Which statement about strong acids is correct?
• In the hydrophobic effect, water tends to do what with nonpolar solutes?
• What is the structure of a water molecule?
• Which statement best describes a hydrogen bond?
• Do standard-state conditions apply in most cellular environments?
• Which statement about weak acids is true?
• What is the correct expression for the Gibbs free energy relating G, H, T, and S?
• Which equation correctly relates free energy G to enthalpy H, temperature T, and entropy S?
• Which statement describes the system type of living organisms?
• Enthalpy is defined as which of the following?
• Entropy is a function of which factor for a reacting system?
• Water is important in biology because it allows biological molecules to assume their shape in response to surrounding water.
• Under standard free energy change conventions, what is the assumed hydrogen ion concentration?
• Spontaneity of a reaction is determined by which thermodynamic quantity?
• Polar molecules are defined by which characteristic?
• What are macromolecules?
• In a system at equilibrium, what is true about the forward and reverse reaction rates?
• At equilibrium, do the concentrations of products and reactants change with time?
• A reaction with ΔG < 0 is best described as
• For a process with ΔH > 0 and ΔS > 0, increasing temperature will cause the process to become spontaneous above a threshold.
• For a process where both ΔH and ΔS are negative, when is it spontaneous?
• For a process where both ΔH and ΔS are positive, when is it spontaneous?
• If the change in Gibbs free energy (ΔG) is negative, the process is:
• When Keq is less than 1, what does this indicate about Delta G°?
• What is the 2nd law of thermodynamics?
• The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation is used to calculate pH of a solution with known amounts of a weak acid and its conjugate base.
• Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of non-covalent bonds?
• Which statement describes the dissociation behavior of strong vs weak acids?
• How does entropy respond to an increase in volume for a gas?
• Why is water a great solvent?
• Macromolecules are defined as?
• What does structure determine?
• If delta G is negative, the process is
• Which of the following is an example of a macromolecule?
• Which of the following statements best defines enzymes?
• In an enthalpic reaction, which statement is true about energy changes?
• If ΔS is positive, which statement best describes the final state relative to the initial state?
• In an endothermic reaction, which statement is true?
• Free energy describes energy available to do work and relates enthalpy, entropy, and temperature. Which option captures this definition?
• Are living systems at equilibrium?
• Which statement correctly characterizes an exothermic reaction with respect to enthalpy change?
• What is the entropy of an ordered state?
• What defines a strong hydrogen bond?
• What defines polar?
• In a strong hydrogen bond, the donor and acceptor atoms are oriented at approximately what angle?
• Which elements constitute more than 99% of atoms in typical biological matter?
• What happens to free energy as a reacting system approaches equilibrium?
• What is a hydrogen bond?
• Which temperature is typically specified with standard-state definitions in biochemistry?
• What happens when ΔH is positive and ΔS is negative?
• Which description best characterizes a steady state in living systems?
• Entropy is best described as which property of a system?
• If the change in entropy (ΔS) is negative, what does it indicate about the final state compared to the initial state?
• Hydrophilic compounds
• A reacting system will continue to change until it reaches what state?
• Which statement best defines amphipathic molecules?
• Hydrogen bonds play a critical role in which of the following?
• What is the 1st law of thermodynamics?
• Which condition yields spontaneous behavior at all temperatures?
• Which of the following is a non-covalent interaction?
• Which bond is stronger: hydrogen or covalent bonds?
• Standard-state conditions are defined by which of the following sets?
• For a process with ΔH < 0 and ΔS < 0, spontaneous behavior occurs at temperatures below T = ΔH/ΔS.
• What does free energy G primarily describe in a system?
• Delta G is based on which of the following?
• Which statement about hydrophobic interactions is true?
• Which factor determines acid strength?
• Which statement best characterizes a spontaneous process?
• When Keq is greater than 1, what does this indicate about the standard free energy change (Delta G°)?
• A classic example of an amphipathic arrangement is in the phospholipid bilayer, where the molecule has...
• What does a positive change in free energy indicate about a chemical process?
• Are living systems at equilibrium?
• Which statement best defines chemical equilibrium?
• Which statement is true about biomolecules?
• If [H+] equals 1 M, what is the pH?
• What is thermodynamics?
• In the Brønsted-Lowry framework, which statement correctly describes acids and bases?
• Which of the following is a way to drive an unfavorable reaction forward?
• Which statement best describes a non-spontaneous process?
• Why is polarity important for water molecules?
• Which option best describes a base in Brønsted-Lowry terms?
• Hydrophobic interactions are entropically driven and lead to which change in entropy?
• Which property of water contributes to its ability to dissolve ions via hydration shells?